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====== Field Extraction ====== Queue selection must be flow affine, forwarding all packets from a transport flow to the same queue, so that packets within a flow are not reordered. Transport protocol performance can degrade when packets arrive out of order, which is likely to happen with simpler round robin packet spraying. RSS defines two rules to derive queue selection input in a flow-affine manner from packet headers. Selected fields of the headers are extracted and concatenated into a byte array. If the packet is IPv4 or IPv6, not fragmented, and followed by a transport layer protocol with ports, such as TCP and UDP, then extract the concatenated 4-field byte array { source address, destination address, source port, destination port }. Else, if the packet is IPv4 or IPv6, extract 2-field byte array { source address, destination address }. IPv4 packets are considered fragmented if the more fragments bit is set or the fragment offset field is non-zero. If a packet contains multiple IPv4 or IPv6 headers, then RSS operates on the first IPv4 or IPv6 header and the immediately following transport header, if any. The IPv6 flowlabel field may also be included. If present, this MUST be placed immediately before the source address in the byte array. The same fields from subsequent IPv4/IPv6 and transport headers MAY be appended to the byte array, if present. These extensions are optional and MUST be configurable if supported. A basic version of RSS without optional extensions MUST always be supported, to be able to perform explicit flow steering by reversing the algorithm. <span id="toeplitz-hash-function"></span>
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